Перейти до основного вмісту
Analysis of the generalization of the Skellam model with a fractional exponent for the multiplication function
Matsenko Vasyl Grigorovich 1
1 Department of Aplied Mathematics and Information Technologies, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, 58000, Ukraine
Keywords: Skellamy model, stationary points, periodic modes, stability of solutions, computer experiments
Abstract

Difference equations are widely used as models of population dynamics with non-overlapping generations. In the simplest case, they have the form $N_{t+1}=f\left(N_t\right) N_t$, where $N_t$ is the population size at a given time $t$, $f\left(N_t\right)$ is the natural reproduction rate. This function, in particular in the Skellam model, is monotonically decreasing. But as ecological observations show, $f\left(N_t\right)$ is not always monotonic; for small values of $N_t$, the function $f\left(N_t\right)$ is increasing, and for large values, it is decreasing.

Therefore, in paper \cite{Matsenko5}, for $f\left(N_t\right)$, a generalization of the Skellam model for a nonmonotonic multiplication function of the form $\displaystyle  f\left(N_t\right)= \frac{aN_t}{b+N_t^4}$ is considered. It is shown that such a model has stationary and periodic modes of any period.

If we lower the exponent of the value of en in the denominator to 3, then the model with $\displaystyle  f\left(N_t\right)= \frac{aN_t}{b+N_t^3}$ allows only stationary solutions, and periodic modes no longer exist.

This paper considers a generalization of these models with an exponent for $N_t$ ranging from 3 to 4, i.e. a model of the form $\displaystyle  N_{t+1}= \frac{aN_t}{b+N_t^{3+\alpha}}$, $a,b>0$, $\alpha\in(0,1]$. It is shown how, as the parameter a increases from 0 to 1, the behavior of the solutions of this model changes, namely, a bifurcation of the doubling of the cycle lengths occurs. In computational experiments, such solutions were found and their stability was studied. The existence of periodic solutions with period 3 has also been established, which means that this model has periodic solutions of any period and solutions with chaotic behavior.

References

[1] Skellam J.G. Random dispersial in theoretical populations. Biometrica, 1951. 38. 196-218.
[2] Suba J., Kawata Y., Linden A. Properties and interpretation of the Skellam model. A discrete-time contest competition population model. Population Ecolody. Online Version, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1002/1438-390x.12169.
[3] Matsenko V.G. Analysis of Skellam models with a rigid harvesting strategy. Bukovinian Math. Journal. 12(1). 2024. 74-83. (in Ukrainian)
[4] Matsenko V.G. Analysis of Skellam-type models width with periodic regimes. Bukovinian Math. Journal. 12(2). 2024. 128–142. (in Ukrainian)
[5] Matsenko V.G. Analysis of Skellam-type models with non-monotonic reproduction function. Bukovinian Math. Journal. 13(1). 2025. 52–65. (in Ukrainian)
[6] Sharkovskii A. N. Coexistence of cycles of continuous transformation straight into itself. Ukrainian Mathematical Journal, 1964. XVI (1). P. 61-71. (in Russian)

Published Online 11/15/2025
Cite
ACS Style
Matsenko, V.G. Analysis of the generalization of the Skellam model with a fractional exponent for the multiplication function. Bukovinian Mathematical Journal. 2025, 13 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31861/bmj2025.02.03
AMA Style
Matsenko VG. Analysis of the generalization of the Skellam model with a fractional exponent for the multiplication function. Bukovinian Mathematical Journal. 2025; 13(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31861/bmj2025.02.03
Chicago/Turabian Style
Vasyl Grigorovich Matsenko. 2025. "Analysis of the generalization of the Skellam model with a fractional exponent for the multiplication function". Bukovinian Mathematical Journal. 13 no. 2. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31861/bmj2025.02.03
Export

The journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

We use own, third-party cookies, and localStorage files to analyze web traffic and page activities. Privacy Policy Settings